This lecture addresses the ancient origins of various symbols––the cross, the swastika, torches, and the Roman fasces––used today in order to communicate messages of marginalization, hate, legitimacy. The use and abuse of these hate symbols by white supremacist groups has been catalogued by groups such as the Southern Poverty Law Center, but can better understanding the history behind these symbols help us to render them impotent?

Lecture followed by questions moderated by Professor Rachel Rafael Neis (University of Michigan). 

Sarah E. Bond is associate professor of history at the University of Iowa. She is an ancient historian who has written for the New York Times, Forbes, and online arts journal Hyperallergic. She is the author of numerous articles on Roman law and the economy, in addition to her work as a blogger and public historian. Her book, Trade and Taboo: Disreputable Professions in the Roman Mediterranean, was published by the University of Michigan Press in 2016.